Iroquois House Built of Wooden Poles, Covered With Bark, and Housing a Dozen Families
Since North America is such a big continent, different tribes had very different weather to debate with. In the Arizona deserts, temperatures tin can striking 120 degrees Fahrenheit, and in the Alaskan tundra, -50 is not unusual. Naturally, Native Americans developed unlike types of dwellings to survive in these different environments. Likewise, unlike American Indian tribes had different traditional lifestyles. Some tribes were agricultural-- they lived in settled villages and farmed the country for corn and vegetables. They wanted houses that would last a long time. Other tribes were more nomadic, moving frequently from place to identify as they hunted and gathered food and resources. They needed houses that were portable or piece of cake to build.
Here are descriptions and pictures of some of the Native American house styles the people adult over the years to fit these needs.
Wigwam Homes
Wigwams (or wetus) are Native American houses used by Algonquian Indians in the woodland regions. Wigwam is the word for "house" in the Abenaki tribe, and wetu is the word for "house" in the Wampanoag tribe. Sometimes they are likewise known as birchbark houses. Wigwams are small houses, ordinarily 8-10 feet tall. Wigwams are made of wooden frames which are covered with woven mats and sheets of birchbark. The frame can be shaped similar a dome, like a cone, or like a rectangle with an arched roof. Once the birchbark is in place, ropes or strips of woods are wrapped around the wigwam to hold the bawl in place. Hither are some pictures of a adult female building a wigwam. 
dome-shaped rectangular shape wigwam frame Wigwams are good houses for people who stay in the same place for months at a fourth dimension. Most Algonquian Indians lived together in settled villages during the farming season, but during the winter, each family grouping would move to their own hunting army camp. Wigwams are not portable, only they are pocket-size and easy to build. Woodland Indian families could build new wigwams every yr when they set up their winter camps.
Longhouses
Longhouses are Native American homes used by the Iroquois tribes and some of their Algonquian neighbors. They are congenital similarly to wigwams, with pole frames and elm bark covering. The main difference is that longhouses are much, much larger than wigwams. Longhouses could be 200 anxiety long, 20 feet wide, and 20 feet loftier. Inside the longhouse, raised platforms created a second story, which was used for sleeping infinite. Mats and wood screens divided the longhouse into separate rooms. Each longhouse housed an entire clan-- every bit many equally threescore people! 
longhouse cutaway a longhouse today Longhouses are good homes for people who intend to stay in the same place for a long time. A longhouse is big and takes a lot of time to build and decorate. The Iroquois were farming people who lived in permanent villages. Iroquois men sometimes built wigwams for themselves when they were going on hunting trips, but women might alive in the same longhouse their whole life.
Tepees
Tepees (too spelled Teepees or Tipis) are tent-like American Indian houses used past Plains tribes. A tepee is fabricated of a cone-shaped wooden frame with a roofing of buffalo hide. Similar modern tents, tepees are carefully designed to gear up upward and break downwardly quickly. As a tribe moved from place to identify, each family would bring their tipi poles and hide tent along with them. Originally, tepees were about 12 anxiety loftier, but once the Plains Indian tribes acquired horses, they began building them twice as loftier. 
picture of tepees being set up Tepees are good houses for people who are e'er on the movement. Plains Indians migrated oft to follow the movements of the buffalo herds. An entire Plains Indian hamlet could have their tepees packed upwards and ready to movement inside an hour. There were fewer trees on the Neat Plains than in the Woodlands, so it was of import for Plains tribes to carry their long poles with them whenever they traveled instead of trying to detect new ones each time they moved.
Grass Houses
Grass houses are American Indian homes used in the Southern Plains by tribes such equally the Caddos. They resemble large wigwams but are fabricated with different materials. Grass houses are fabricated with a wooden frame aptitude into a beehive shape and thatched with long prairie grass. These were large buildings, sometimes more 40 feet tall. 
Caddo grass business firm construction Grass houses are skillful homes for people in a warm climate. In the northern plains, winters are too cold to make homes out of prairie grass. Only in the southern plains of Texas, houses like these were comfortable for the people who used them.
Wattle and Daub Houses
Wattle and daub houses (besides known equally asi, the Cherokee give-and-take for them) are Native American houses used by southeastern tribes. Wattle and daub houses are made past weaving rivercane, wood, and vines into a frame, then coating the frame with plaster. The roof was either thatched with grass or shingled with bark. 
plastered and thatched Wattle and daub houses are permanent structures that accept a lot of effort to build. Like longhouses, they are adept homes for agricultural people who intended to stay in one place, similar the Cherokees and Creeks. Making wattle and daub houses requires a fairly warm climate to dry the plaster.
Chickees
Chickees (as well known as chickee huts, stilt houses or platform dwellings) are Native American homes used primarily in Florida past tribes similar the Seminole Indians. Chickee houses consisted of thick posts supporting a thatched roof and a flat wooden platform raised several feet off the ground. They did non have any walls. During rainstorms, Florida Indians would lash tarps fabricated of hibernate or cloth to the chickee frame to keep themselves dry, but almost of the time, the sides of the structure were left open up. 
Seminole chickee Chickees are practiced homes for people living in a hot, swampy climate. The long posts keep the house from sinking into marshy world, and raising the floor of the hut off the ground keeps swamp animals like snakes out of the house. Walls or permanent house coverings are not necessary in a tropical climate where it never gets cold.
Adobe Houses
Adobe houses (as well known as pueblos) are Native American house complexes used by the Pueblo Indians of the Southwest. Adobe pueblos are modular, multi-story houses fabricated of adobe (dirt and straw baked into hard bricks) or of big stones cemented together with adobe. Each adobe unit of measurement is dwelling to one family unit, like a modern apartment. The whole structure, which tin contain dozens of units, is often dwelling to an unabridged extended clan. 
Adobe cliff dwellings Hopi Mesa pueblos Adobe houses are good homes to build in a warm, dry out climate where adobe can be hands mixed and dried. These are homes for farming people who have no need to motility their village to a new location. In fact, some Pueblo people have been living in the same adobe house complex, such equally Heaven Metropolis, for dozens of generations.
Earthen Houses
Earthen house is a full general term referring to several types of Native American homes including Navajo hogans, Sioux earth lodges, subarctic sod houses, and Native American pit houses of the West Coast and Plateau. Earthen houses fabricated by different tribes had different designs, merely all were semi-subterranean dwellings -- basement-similar living spaces dug from the earth, with a domed mound built over the acme (ordinarily a wooden frame covered with globe or reeds.) 
Navajo hogan Alaskan sod house Earthern houses are expert for people who desire permanent homes and live in an area that is not forested. (Information technology's difficult work to excavate underground homes in areas with many tree roots!) Living partially underground has several benefits, especially in harsh climates-- the earth offers natural protection from wind and strong weather.
Plank Houses
Plankhouses are Native American homes used past tribes of the Northwest Coast (from northern California all the manner upward to Alaska.) Plank houses are made of long, flat planks of cedar wood lashed to a wooden frame. Native American plank houses look rather similar to old European houses, just the Indians didn't larn to build them from Europeans-- this style of house was used on the Northwest Coast long before Europeans arrived. 
Yurok plank house Plank houses are skillful houses for people in cold climates with lots of alpine trees. However, only people who don't need to drift spend the fourth dimension and endeavour to build these large permanent homes. About Native Americans who live in the far northern forests must drift regularly to follow caribou herds and other game, so plank houses aren't a adept pick for them. Only littoral tribes, who make their living by angling, fabricated houses like these.
Igloos
Igloos (or Iglu) are snow houses used by the Inuit (Eskimos) of northern Canada. Not all Inuit people used igloos -- some built sod houses instead, using whale bones instead of wooden poles for a frame. Like a sod business firm, the igloo is dome-shaped and slightly excavated, but it is built from the snow, with large blocks of ice set in a spiral design and packed with snow to course the dome. 
Building an igloo Inside an igloo Igloos are good houses for the polar region, where the earth is frozen, the snow cover is deep, and there are few copse. Snowfall is a good insulator, and dense blocks of water ice offer proficient protection confronting the arctic winds.
Brush Shelters
Brush shelters (including wickiups, lean-tos, gowa, etc.) are temporary Native American dwellings used by many tribes. Brush shelters are typically very small, like a camping tent. People cannot usually stand upwards direct inside brush lodges -- they are merely used for sleeping in. A brush shelter is made of a simple wooden frame covered with castor (branches, leaves, and grass.) The frame can be cone-shaped, with one side left open every bit a door, or tent-shaped, with both ends left open. 
conical wickiup tent-shaped frame tent-shaped brush club About Native Americans only made a brush shelter when they were out camping in the wilderness. But some migratory tribes who lived in warm dry climates, such as the Apache tribes, congenital castor shelters equally homes on a regular footing. They can be assembled quickly from materials that are easy to observe in the surround, and then people who build villages of brush shelters can move around freely without having to drag teepee poles.
Practise Native Americans nonetheless live in houses similar these today?
Most Native Americans do not live in erstwhile-fashioned Indian houses similar the ones on this page, whatever more than other Americans live in log cabins. The only Native American housing way on this page that is still in regular use as a home is Indian adobe houses. Some Pueblo families are still living in the same adobe house complexes their ancestors used to live in. At that place are besides a few elders on the Navajo reservation who still prefer to alive in hogans. Merely otherwise, traditional Native American houses like these are usually just built for ritual or formalism purposes, such equally a sweat gild or tribal meeting hall. Most American Indians today live in modern houses and apartments, just like North Americans from other ethnic groups. Sponsored Links
Recommended Indian House Books
Our organization earns a commission from whatsoever book bought through these links
Native American Architecture: An splendid, in-depth volume on American Indian building styles.
Native Homes: Illustrated book with Indian house pictures and information from throughout N America.
Houses of Bawl Houses of Woods: Houses of Adobe: Houses of Hide and Earth:
Houses of Snow, Peel and Bones: A smashing series of picture books for kids near wigwams, tepees, and other Indian house styles.
Longhouses Native American Longhouse: Books nearly Iroquois longhouses.
Tipi: Heritage of the Bang-up Plains The Indian Tipi: Its History, Construction, and Use: Tipis, Tepees, Teepees
The Tipi: Traditional Native American Shelter: Books about Plains Indian tepee homes.
Igloos and Inuit Life Building an Igloo Igloos: How to Build an Iglu and a Qamutiik: Books nigh Inuit/Eskimo igloos.
Further Reading
We have visited all of these sites and to the best of our knowledge they are informative, respectful, and safe for kids. Please permit the states know if you find inappropriate material on whatsoever of them.
Source: http://www.native-languages.org/houses.htm
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